IOT-Based Fiber Optic Condition Monitoring

Abstract

The IoT-Based Fiber Optic Condition Monitoring System is designed to continuously observe the health, performance, and environmental conditions on optical fiber link. Optical fiber communication, despite its significant advantages such as high bandwidth and low attenuation, remains highly vulnerable to physical disturbances, bending, vibrations, and excessive temperature variations. These factors affect signal intensity and may lead to degradation or complete communication failure. To address this, the proposed system integrates low-cost sensors including DHT22 for temperature monitoring, an LDR for optical intensity measurement, and a vibration sensor for mechanical disturbance detection. The ESP32 microcontroller serves as the core of the system, collecting sensor data and transmitting it using the lightweight MQTT protocol to a subscriber node. Real-time values are displayed on an OLED screen, and the fiber condition is visually indicated using LEDs categorized as Line OK, Medium Risk, and Fault Detected. Experimental results confirm that the system accurately detects early warning signs of fiber disturbance and environmental stress. This IoT-based approach provides a scalable, low-cost, and reliable alternative to conventional fiber-monitoring techniques, enabling proactive maintenance and enhancing communication reliability.