Mechanical and Comfort Properties of Hemp and Hemp Blend Fabrics: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Hemp fabrics are well known for their mechanical strength, durability, and eco-friendliness but the inherent stiffness poses challenges for apparel applications. To develop yarns and fabrics with the desired mechanical and comfort performance, the interaction between yarn and fabric parameters and their corresponding influence plays an important part. Key findings indicate that ring-spun yarns enhance tensile strength, while rotor and vortex spinning improve abrasion resistance and smoothness. Higher twist levels increase mechanical strength but reduce moisture-wicking, whereas lower twist improves flexibility and comfort. Among fabric structures, plain weaves provide superior tensile strength, whereas twill and satin weaves enhance drape. Additionally, blending hemp with cotton, Tencel, or flax improves softness, breathability, and overall wear ability without compromising durability. Understanding these factors is essential to optimizing hemp and hemp blend textiles apparel, activewear, and functional fabric. Hence, this review aims to offer valuable insights for researchers and industry professionals working towards the development of sustainable hemp-based fabrics.